Rechargeable Batteries

Secondary batteries are rechargeable energy storage devices that can be recharged using an external power
source and supply electrical energy through repeated charge–discharge cycles. They are typically composed of
chemical systems such as lithium-ion, nickel–metal hydride, and lithium-polymer batteries, offering high energy
efficiency and long cycle life. As a result, they serve as core power sources in a wide range of applications,
including electric vehicles (EVs) and energy storage systems (ESS).

SAM technology enables precise analysis of micro-level damage, degradation, and imbalance
conditions within secondary batteries. Through this capability, it enhances battery safety and
performance while supporting lifetime management and efficient power operation.